Step into the heart of Sri Lanka’s cultural heritage with a visit to Polonnaruwa, a city that once stood as the island’s royal capital during the medieval period. Designated as a UNESCO World Heritage Site, Polonnaruwa invites travelers to wander through its ancient ruins, marvel at its well-preserved temples, and immerse themselves in the rich history that permeates every stone. Join us on a journey to unravel the mysteries and beauty of Polonnaruwa.
Historical Background:
Polonnaruwa served as the capital of Sri Lanka from the 11th to the 13th century, succeeding the ancient city of Anuradhapura. During this period, the city flourished under the rule of several Sinhalese kings, leaving behind a legacy of impressive architecture, religious monuments, and sophisticated urban planning.
Archaeological Wonders:
- The Royal Palace and Audience Hall:
- Explore the ruins of the Royal Palace, a once-grand residence adorned with intricate carvings and surrounded by stunning gardens.
- The nearby Audience Hall, with its ornate stone lion throne, provides a glimpse into the regal ceremonies and official gatherings that took place in ancient times.
- Gal Vihara:
- Marvel at the breathtaking rock-cut statues of Buddha at Gal Vihara. The site features four impressive figures, including a colossal reclining Buddha, each carved from a single granite rock.
- Parakrama Samudra:
- Discover the ancient irrigation marvel, Parakrama Samudra, a vast reservoir built by King Parakramabahu I. The reservoir not only served as a vital water source but also reflects the advanced hydraulic engineering skills of the time.
- Polonnaruwa Vatadage:
- Visit the Polonnaruwa Vatadage, a circular relic house that once enshrined the Sacred Tooth Relic of the Buddha. Admire the intricate stone carvings and the architectural elegance of this sacred structure.
- Lankatilaka and Tivanka Image House:
- Stand in awe of the towering brick walls of Lankatilaka and the Tivanka Image House, both showcasing exceptional examples of Sinhalese architecture and religious artistry.
Practical Tips for Visitors:
- Entrance Fees: Check the current entrance fees, as they may vary for foreign tourists, SAARC countries, and locals.
- Footwear: As with many historical sites in Sri Lanka, it is customary to remove shoes when entering certain religious and sacred areas.
- Guided Tours: Consider hiring a local guide to gain a deeper understanding of the historical and cultural significance of each site.
Conclusion:
Polonnaruwa, with its ancient marvels and historical grandeur, offers a captivating journey into Sri Lanka’s medieval past. As you traverse the well-preserved ruins and sacred monuments, you’ll find yourself transported to a time when this city was the vibrant center of a flourishing civilization. Embrace the serenity, marvel at the architectural wonders, and let the echoes of Polonnaruwa’s history create lasting memories of your Sri Lankan adventure.